The magic lantern, the precursor to overhead or slide projectors, was invented in 1643 and originally used candlelight to project an enlarged image on a wall or other flat surface. Solar microscopes were also invented in the seventeenth century along similar principles. They are small brass tubes mounted to a brass plate (rarely silver) and use sunlight to project a large image of a microscope slide. Fixed photography was invented about 1827 and hardwood cased bellows cameras with brass fittings were made into the early 1900s, becoming common after dry plate film was developed around 1870. The larger the camera, the larger the photograph, a line of logic that lead to creation of the world’s largest camera in 1858, ‘The Mammoth’. It was over 15 feet long, used 500 lb glass plates and weighed 1400 lbs loaded. Continuous roll film was patented in 1885, leading to the first roll film box type camera from Kodak. Kodak’s famous Brownie line of cameras sold in the millions from 1900, and in 1921 the modern 35mm camera with interchangeable lenses was introduced by Leica. The oldest existing photographs of people are from 1840 when they had to sit still for about a 20-minute exposure time and when subjects were held often held rigid with head and arm braces. Motion picture cameras began recording crude films in the 1890s. Stereoscopes (both table top and hand-held) became the rage of home entertainment after Sir David Brewster’s improved viewer was displayed at the Great Exhibition of 1851. They operated off the principle of parallax where two images or photographs of the same subject but at slightly different angles are viewed side by side so they are seen in 3-D.